The optimistic view is that property rights are becoming more deeply anchored than they were in the past, and that Russia’s future will depend on how fast a middle class with a stake in law-based government can be created.

乐观的观点认为财产权比过去更深入人心了，而俄罗斯的未来取决于与依法办事的政府休戚相关的中产阶级在多快的时间内能产生。

© Project Syndicate 1995 – 2011

http://www.project-syndicate.org/ 28.10.2010

© Project Syndicate 1995 – 2011

http://www.project-syndicate.org/ 28.10.2010

a past director shall not be liable to make such further contribution in respect of any debt or liability of the company contracted after he ceased to hold office;

过去董事并无法律责任就公司在其停止担任董事职位后所订约承担的任何债项或债务作出该项进一步的分担；

http://www.legislation.gov.hk/eng/index.htm 22.10.2011

http://www.legislation.gov.hk/eng/index.htm 22.10.2011

In the past, excellent governments – that is, governments that fully incentivized the citizenry – have gone hand in hand with economic stagnation.

• 过去，出色执行激励机制的政府——即充分激励公民的政府——常常与经济停滞紧密联系。

© Project Syndicate 1995 – 2011

http://www.project-syndicate.org/ 11.01.2011

© Project Syndicate 1995 – 2011

http://www.project-syndicate.org/ 11.01.2011

It is hard, at least for me, to envision alternative political arrangements or economic policies over the past fifty years that would have transferred any significant portion of the wealth of today’s rich nations to today’s poor nations.

至少对于我来说，很难设想在过去五十年中有什么其他政治制度或者经济政策可以将当今富有国家的财富主要部分转移到今天的穷国中。

© Project Syndicate 1995 – 2011

http://www.project-syndicate.org/ 28.10.2010

© Project Syndicate 1995 – 2011

http://www.project-syndicate.org/ 28.10.2010

If past stipulations are inconsistent with this Circular, the matter should be handled in accordance with this Circular.

过去规定与本通知不一致的，按本通知执行。

© 中国投资指南

http://www.fdi.gov.cn/index.htm 17.05.2011

© Invest in China

http://www.fdi.gov.cn/index.htm 17.05.2011

But the death tolls of the past need not become the world’s future.

但是过去的吸烟死亡并非一定是世界的将来。

© Project Syndicate 1995 – 2011

http://www.project-syndicate.org/ 15.01.2011

© Project Syndicate 1995 – 2011

http://www.project-syndicate.org/ 15.01.2011

Over the past six years, the value of the trade-weighted dollar has fallen by more than a quarter, as the US has continued to rack up historically unprecedented trade deficits.

过去六年以来，随着美国不断刷新史无前例的贸易赤字，贸易加权的美元价值已经下跌了超过四分之一。

© Project Syndicate 1995 – 2011

http://www.project-syndicate.org/ 16.02.2011

© Project Syndicate 1995 – 2011

http://www.project-syndicate.org/ 16.02.2011

Practice has proved that the combating of People's Courts over serious economic criminals is powerful over the past year, and both the quality of the case-handling and the social effect are good.

实践证明，一年多来人民法院对严重经济犯罪分子的打击是有力的，办案质量是好的，社会效果也是好的。

© 中国投资指南

http://www.fdi.gov.cn/index.htm 14.06.2011

© Invest in China

http://www.fdi.gov.cn/index.htm 14.06.2011

He called from the foot of the stairs: 'Half past seven!'

他在楼梯下面喊道：“七点半了！”

Lawrence, David Herbert / Lady Chatterley's Lover劳伦斯, 大卫 赫伯特 / 查太莱夫人的情人

查太莱夫人的情人

劳伦斯, 大卫 赫伯特

Lady Chatterley's Lover

Lawrence, David Herbert

© Wordsworth Editions Limited 2005

People have enjoyed such huge capital gains over the past decade that most feel like gamblers on a long winning streak.

人们在过去十几年来享受了如此丰厚的资本收益，以至于他们似乎感觉像只赢不陪的赌徒。

© Project Syndicate 1995 – 2011

http://www.project-syndicate.org/ 28.10.2010

© Project Syndicate 1995 – 2011

http://www.project-syndicate.org/ 28.10.2010

the aggregate amount of directors' or past directors' pensions; and

董事或过去董事的退休金总额；及

http://www.legislation.gov.hk/eng/index.htm 22.10.2011

http://www.legislation.gov.hk/eng/index.htm 22.10.2011

The 1929 crash just does not seem relevant to most people today, probably because we survived the 1987 and 2000 crashes with few ill effects, while 1929 seems not only the distant past, but another world.

1929年股市大跌对于当今的大多数人而言毫不相关，或许是因为我们从1987年后2000年的大跌中脱身而出，仅仅略有影响，而1929年不仅是遥远的过去，而且还 是另一个世界了。

© Project Syndicate 1995 – 2011

http://www.project-syndicate.org/ 13.01.2011

© Project Syndicate 1995 – 2011

http://www.project-syndicate.org/ 13.01.2011

Flawed geo-political giants have in the past been a source of instability (Germany before World War I is an obvious analogy), and there are good reasons to see them presenting increased risk in the twenty-first century.

地缘政治存在缺陷的大国在过去是不稳定的缘由(一次世界大战前的德国就是明显的例子)，而且有理由看到它们在二十一世纪带来更大的风险。

© Project Syndicate 1995 – 2011

http://www.project-syndicate.org/ 16.02.2011

© Project Syndicate 1995 – 2011

http://www.project-syndicate.org/ 16.02.2011

But, over the past generation, confidence in the “Kuznets curve” has faded.

但是，在过去一代时间里，对“库兹涅茨曲线”的信赖消退了。

© Project Syndicate 1995 – 2011

http://www.project-syndicate.org/ 23.01.2011

© Project Syndicate 1995 – 2011

http://www.project-syndicate.org/ 23.01.2011

Sufficient for to-morrow is the evil thereof; but I hope before the day is past to have the upper hand at last.”

今天就单管今天好了，何必多虑明天呢？可是我希望明天就能占了上风。”

Conan Doyle, Arthur / The Hound of the Baskervilles柯南 道尔 / 巴斯克维尔猎犬

巴斯克维尔猎犬

柯南 道尔

The Hound of the Baskervilles

Conan Doyle, Arthur

© 1901, 1902 by A. Conan Doyle